Green Team

You can follow the green team on Instagram @greenteam.chc

Quick Write

What would be a good way to organize volunteers? What ones have you seen? Where would you look for opportunities to do some good? How can we connect the green team to the volunteers?

Problem: Volunteer Organization

We have many people that want to volunteer. How would we organize the work that needs to be done with the volunteers that want to help?

Fallacies Continued

Fallacy Definition

  • a mistaken belief, especially one based on unsound argument.
  • a failure in reasoning that renders an argument invalid.
  • faulty reasoning; misleading or unsound argument.

Fallacies are connected to the different appeals: Ethos, Logos, and Pathos.

Appealing to ethos or pathos is not in itself a fallacy, only appealing to them or using them unethically is. Here is an example of a fallacy used to persuade.

Fallacies are not necessarily wrong, they work very well and are very good at persuading people. Fallacies are considered unethical and so we try to avoid them. They are thought of as flaws in thought, tricks, and sneaky uses of persuasion to convince others.

 Fallacy Groups

  1. Scare Tactics
  2. False Dichotomy
  3. Slippery Slope
  4. Sentimental Appeals
  5. Bandwagon Appeals
  6. False Authority
  7. Dogmatism
  8. Moral Equivocation
  9. Ad Hominem
  10. Hasty Generalizations
  11. Faulty Causality
  12. Begging the Question
  13. Equivocation
  14. Non Sequitur
  15. Straw Man
  16. Faulty Analogy
  17. Red Herring
  18. Appeal to Ignorance

Emotional Fallacies (Pathos)

Scare Tactics – Scaring people and exaggerating dangers. Also known as fear mongering.

Scare Tactic Fallacy example.

Either-or Choices / False Dichotomy – Oversimplification to only two choices.

Slippery Slope – Exaggerating the consequences of an action.

Sentimental Appeals – Excessive emotion intended to distract.

Bandwagon Appeals – Follow the path of everyone else.

Ethical Fallacies (Ethos)

False Authority – Offering yourself or other authorities as sufficient evidence.

Dogmatism – persuade by assuming a position based in biblical passages.

Dogmatism Fallacy example

Moral Equivocation – suggesting that serious wrongdoings do not differ from minor ones.

Ad Hominem (At the person) – Attacks directed at character instead of the claims or argument.

Logical Fallacies (Logos)

Hasty Generalizations – conclusions drawn from insufficient evidence. Jumping to conclusions. The most common fallacy you will encounter.


Hasty Generalization example

Faulty Causality – assuming because one event happened after another, the first causes the second.

Begging the Question – a form of circular logic. an argument based on claims that cannot be accepted as true.

Equivocation – the use of ambiguous language to conceal the truth or to avoid committing oneself.

Non Sequitur – an argument in which claims, reasons, or warrants fail to connect logically.

The Straw Man – Misrepresenting an argument in order to knock it down. Arguing something that is not really there.

Faulty Analogy – An extended comparison that is inaccurate or inconsequential.

Red Herring – Partway through an argument, the arguer goes off on a tangent, raising a side issue that distracts the audience from what’s really at stake. Often, the arguer never returns to the original issue.

Critical Thinking Review

In small groups, come up with the most helpful lessons, readings, discussions, activities, etc. from the first half.

Tell us the activity and how it was helpful. Come up with 3 or 4.

Homework

  • Essay 2 Rough Draft